59-06

Map making, or cartography, is an activity of vital importance for human civilization.  (B)  Maps improve the speed and safety of travel, allowing civilizations to set the boundaries of their territories, and occasionally by their absence inspired further exploration of the world.(어색한 곳 2 ?) (= The development of  map making resulted in f_____ and s_____ travel.) The first known(p.p) maps date back to around 7,000 B.C.   The earliest maps are maps(=ones) of cities and may have been used by city planners.(=Originally used as city m______ by city p______.) World maps at this time were next to useless. Early civilizations knew very little / a little about the wider world around them. Long-distance travel was extremely difficult, and so the world maps of early civilizations were based largely on the map makers’ r_________ beliefs.

The first civilization to take a scientific approach to(전치사) map making was the ancient Greeks. The ancient Greeks, incidentally(덧붙여 말하자면), were also the first to have an accurate view of the shape of the world. This knowledge was a c________ element in the Greek system of map making. It was the Greeks who first developed the system of  latitude and longitude that we still use on maps today.  Understanding(S) that the world is a sphere allowed(V) the Greeks to divide their maps according to a 360-degree system. This turned the world into a grid, on which(=where) they could precisely  describe any location. While the Greek system of map making was a good one, Greek maps were still quite faulty  because they had no a______ means of measuring distance at the time.

1. It that 강조구문

①The Greeks first developed ②the system of  latitude and longitude ③thousands of years ago.

①강조: It was the Greeks that/who first developed the~.

②강조: It was the system of  latitude and longitude that/which the Greeks first developed

thousands of years ago.

③강조: It was thousands of years ago that/when the Greeks first developed the system of  latitude and longitude.

※ 해석 : ~한 것은 바로 ....다.

▶동사는 The Greeks did first develop the system of  latitude and longitude thousands of years ago.

2. This turned the world into a grid, on which(그위에) they could precisely  describe any location.

1) This turned the world into a grid

2) And they could precisely  describe any location on the grid.

3. next to = almost

incidentally = additionally

faulty = defective, flawed

어휘 |  map 지도    cartography 지도 제작(법)    territory 영토    absence 부재    inspire 고무시키다    exploration 탐험    next to 거의 ~하는 be based on ~에 기반을 두다    largely 주로, 대부분    approach 접근법    incidentally 덧붙여 말하자면, 우연히    latitude 위도 longitude 경도    sphere 구형(球形)    grid 격자    precisely 정확히    accurate 정확한