Cottage Industries

Prior to the Industrial Revolution, which o_______ in the eighteenth century, people working inside their homes made the majority of the world’s products. These cottage industries were responsible for the creation of a wide r______ of items, most of which were made by hand from r______ materials. , merchants provided workers with / to the raw materials and then collected the f_______ products after a set period of time elapsed / had elapsed.(=      ) Most workers in cottage industries are belonged  / belonged to farming families   and had time to work between the planting and harvesting seasons as well as during winter.(=People who also engaged in f_________ were most of people that worked in cottage industries) Entire families—and sometimes villages and districts—worked to produce a single product, among them being textiles, lace, furniture, toys, and candles. 1단락

One of the primary advantages of cottage industries was the ability of the workers to get ___________ their workplaces quickly. In most cottage industries, people worked in their homes, in a building on their p________ such as a shed or barn, or in a place relatively close / far to their homes. This drastically reduced the workers’ _______ time, which(, in an age when walking and riding on horses were the main m______ of land transportation,) was a practical n_________. How useful it was to live and work in the same place became clear at the o________ of the Industrial Revolution. Then, factory owners founded dormitories or erected housing near their manufacturing centers the workers / so that /  could / have short / they employed  / , easy commutes.(어순배열)

Another advantage provided by cottage industries was the c________ of the manufacturing of certain products. As a result, over time, various regions became r_________ for the skill of their people in specific industries. For example, in England, the large herds of sheep in the West Country, Yorkshire, and Norwich led to those places dominating / dominated the wool-based textile industry for centuries. This c_________ additionally allowed for the easier transporting of raw materials and finished products ___________ markets.

A third advantage of cottage industries was that the working conditions in them were frequently excellent. People were able to rest ________ they wanted, and they had their meals _______ they became hungry. Parents could also care for their young children while they worked in their homes. This was a marked c________ with the Industrial Revolution, which saw the working conditions of people employed at factories decrease / decreased so much that exhaustion and illness became enormous problems. While children—some as young as four years of age—often worked alongside their parents in cottage industries, they had far better conditions than the ones that workers toiled in at factories during the Industrial Revolution.(= Even though young children worked in cottage industries， their working conditions were not as bad as / as bad as those of factory workers during the Industrial Revolution.) Parents were additionally able to pass on their skills to their children, which provided them _____ the knowledge they needed to earn a living in adulthood.

The only opportunities that had to take time off were on the various holidays or feast days that happened throughout the year

Cottage industries had disadvantages though, particularly with regard to money. Families usually had to pay u______ for the raw materials, which caused them to go into d_____. In general, they paid off their d______ with their finished products, yet, if they could not manufacture enough products on time, their d_____ increased / decreased. (= Families had to a_________ debt to get the raw materials that they needed) To meet the schedules of the merchants, many people were o________ to work seven days a week. ❶Despite people working as fast as they could, it took a long time to make certain products. ❷In an age in which there was no competition, this was not a problem. ❸However, once industrialization began and factories started turning out similar products at faster r_____ and in higher numbers, cottage industries simply could not compete with them.❹ (→ Most workers disliked having to work every day of the week T/F?)

The Industrial Revolution, which started in England and then moved to Europe, America, and other parts of the world, was what induced most cottage industries gradually to p______. Thanks to massproduction techniques made possible / possibly by the invention of various machines, factories could manufacture products faster and cheaper. As a result, many people working in cottage industries lost a lot of business. Having lost / Lost their livelihoods, these people often sought work in the very factories that had taken / took their jobs. Since that time, most products have been made in factories, yet there are still places today where cottage industries exist. They are primarily located in parts of the non-industrialized world but may also be found in developed countries as some individuals create a variety of h_______ items—usually traditional arts and crafts—and then sell them at markets or on the Internet.