PRECOCIAL AND ALTRICIAL SPECIES

Most animals, when they are born, require a great deal of care from one or more of their parents before they are to / fit /  survive / enough  on their own. Others, however, are ready from a very early point in their development to leave the nest and fend _____ themselves. These two broad groups of animals can be characterized as either precocial or altricial. Precocial refers to animals that require little / a little care after birth, while altricial refers to t_______ that rely on their parents for a longer period.  Q03  The characteristics of each group can vary widely depending on the type of animal in question, and it can sometimes be difficult to distinguish one _______ the other. (=It is not _________ clear because habits ______ greatly.)

Precocial animals have a much longer gestation period than altricial animals. For this reason, they are more fully developed when they are finally born.  Q05(F)  Animals can present precocial habits across a broad spectrum, and nowhere in nature is this? better e____________ than in birds.   A    Q05(D)  The young of most precocial bird species are born with well-developed skeletons, feathers, and an excellent sense of sight.   B    Q01  Q04   Q05(B)  Some species of birds have young that are ready to leave the nest within 24 hours of hatching, and may be called superprecocial because of this amazing ability. (= It can leave its mother almost _________ or within hours of ______.)   C   Another 문장삽입힌트  such species can actually dig its way out of the nest뜻? after hatching and leave immediately. Less precocial chicks still require some care; for instance, some are born without the ability to regulate their body __________, and must rely on the mother to their warmth for a short period of time until they are able to regulate it themselves.   D   There are also some mammals, such as deer and goats, which are precocial to a certain degree, though they number far fewer / less  than birds.

Q02  The other group of animals, those said to be altricial, require a great deal more care before they become independent.  Q05(A)  This group  c__________ most mammal species. Altricial young are often born without a / the number of basic survival traits, such as a coat of fur or fully open eyes. For this reason, they must be allowed some times / time to develop before they can be expected to survive without d_______ care from the mother. Humans are included among altricial species, and require one of the longest periods of care of any species. Other mammals, such as giraffes, display much shorter periods. It is believed by many scientists that this is d_____ to their large size as adults. The young can gestate for a longer / shorter period within a larger adult, one result of which? is that the young mammal is larger and more developed when it leaves the womb. In c__________ to humans, giraffes have a gestation period of 15 months, whereas the gestation period for humans is only 9.

..gest.. : ‘몸에 지니다’라는 원뜻 ex) gesture, ingest....

2.fend = look after yourself without relying on help from anyone else

gestation = the process in which babies grow inside their mother's body before they are born.

comprise = consist of

어휘 |  precocial 조성의    altricial 만성의    fend 돌보다    distinguish 구별하다    gestation 잉태 기간    spectrum 범위    exemplify 예증하다 skeleton 골격, 뼈대    feather 깃털    nest 둥지, 보금자리     superprecocial 초조성의    mammal 포유동물 gestate 잉태하다, 서서히 성장하다